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Teste de Nivelamento - Língua Inglesa

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20 min

para conclusão.

23

questões.

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Língua Inglesa

Teste 6

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0/23

1/23

Complete the sentences with the correct passive form of the verbs in parentheses:

I) Most movies___(release) on Netflix or Amazon Prime after the theater release.
II) When I looked for the picture on their Facebook page, it___(already / delete).
III) Please wait at the reception while your table___(clean).
IV) He___(tell) tomorrow whether his company is in danger or not.
V) Too much money___(spend) last year on office supplies.
VI) We’ll have to take another route – the highway___(close).
VII) Many good animation movies___(direct) by Tim Burton.
VIII) Congratulations! You___(choose) to be a member of our VIP club!




2/23

Complete the dialogues with must, can’t, or might:

I) A - “He___be Brazilian with a name like Genésio.”
B - “Yes, he sounds Braziian, too.”
II) A - “You’re getting divorced from Clara? You___be serious!”
B - “No, really, I am!”
III) A - “I thought you___like to borrow this book.”
B - “Oh great, thanks. I really want to read it.”
IV) A - “I think Mark and Lisa are away in Gramado this weekend.”
B “They___be. I’ve just seen Mark at the mall.”
V) A - “Is Cristina in her office?”
B - “I’m nor sure. She___be in a meeting.”
VI) A - “Look! Isn’t that Rian’s wallet.”
B “It___be! He was the only one here.”




3/23

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences:

I) After / Until we move into the new office, we’re going to change a few things in it.
II) Would you mind taking your shoes off unless / before you come in?
III) Please, ask Marcos to call me as soon as / if he gets home.
IV) Don’t go out now! Wait until / when the end of the movie.
V) They won’t get to the airport on time unless / if they don’t leave before noon.
VI) You’ll keep getting bad feedback unless / if you check your work more carefully.




4/23

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses:

I) You’d be a fantastic dancer if you___(practice) more.
II) If they study more, they___(pass) the exam.
III) If I___(have) the chance to find a better job, I’d take it.
IV) My dad would be annoyed if he___(receive) a parking ticket.
V) I won’t tell you unless you___(promise) to keep it a secret.
VI) Martha___(buy) that car if it wasn’t so expensive.
VII) They’ll let you know their decision after they___(speak) to the judge.
VIII) If you painted the waiting room white, it___(look) bigger.




5/23

Complete the sentences using reported speech:

I) “Have you been to Florianópolis?”
She asked me if I___to Florianópolis.
II) “I’ve bought some Brazilian coffee.”
He told me that he___some Brazilian coffee.
III) “Dan will give you a ride to the mall.”
She said Dan___me a ride to the mall.
IV) “What are their names?”
The priest asked me what their names___.
V) “Laura interviewed ten people this morning.”
The boss said that Laura___ten people that morning.




6/23

Which of the following reported speech sentences are incorrect?

I) They told me that they are having a huge sale next week.
II) My neighbor asked us whether we were watching the game.
III) The manager tell me to not waste the company’s money on that machine.
IV) The salesperson said they might not have it in stock.
V) My dad said must be back by 11 p.m.




7/23

Complete the sentences with the -ing form or the infinitive (with or without to) of the verb in parentheses:

I) I asked Mark to go to the convenience store ___(get) some candy.
II) My manager refuses___(give) me a day-off.
III) I love___ (not / have) to go to classes any more.
IV) Do you feel like___ (go) out tonight?
V) I forgot___(mail) your portcard!
VI) I remember ___(meet) Brian last year.
VII) Would you mind___(turn off) the radio?
VIII) I’m not very good at___(write) short stories.




8/23

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses:

I) I___(never / manage) to buy a new car if my dad hadn’t helped me.
II) They wouldn’t have done so well in life if they___(not /study) a lot.
III) We___(get) completely lost if we hadn’t borrowed Laura’s GPS.
IV) My mother___(worry) about me if I hadn’t called her back.
V) We could___(look after) the children last night if you’d asked.
VI) ___(you / know) that was Carlos if he hadn’t told you?




9/23

Choose the correct word(s):

I) I get a headache when I spend too much / many hours reading.
II) This jacket isn’t enough big / big enough.
III) There’s too much / many traffic in São Paulo.
IV) We don’t have plenty / much money.
V) There is not / no enough room for everyone.
VI) I want a cookie, but there aren’t none / any.
VII) There are very few / very little examples of colonial buildings here.




10/23

Which sentences DO NOT need the relative pronoun?

I) The man who I feel sorry for is Michael.
II) This is the movie which won the Oscar this year.
III) Isn’t that the person who you used to work for?
IV) That’s the book which I was telling you about the other day.
V) That is the restaurant which has fantastic seafood.




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11/23

Classify the following sentences as defining relative clauses (D) and non-defining relative clauses (N):

I) Bill Gates, who used to be the richest man on Earth, now works on a lot of side projects.
II) The Mini, which is a very small vehicle, is a classic British car.
III) Machado de Assis was the writer who created the Academia Brasileira de Letras.
IV) My grandmother, who is ninety-two, still works as a scientist.
V) The city where they grew up has changed a lot.
VI) Isn’t he the designer whose work has won many international awards?




12/23

What is the correct question tag for each question?

I) Clara wasn’t working this morning,___she?
II) The principal will let him know the final decision,___he?
III) You didn’t like the movie,___you?
IV) She worked with Rian,___she?
V) He hasn’t been to Brazil before,___he?
VI) You’ve done this kind of research before, ___you?




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How humans became intelligent 

Consciousness explained 

 

HUMAN neurons are distant relatives of tiny yeast cells, themselves descendants of even simpler microbes. Yet they are organised in structures that are capable of astonishing feats of creativity. How did the world get from bacteria to Bach, from fungus to fugues? Daniel Dennett, an American philosopher and cognitive scientist, tells the tale in his new book, revisiting and extending half a century of work on the topic. 

The story is one of Darwinian natural selection: of complexity emerging gradually as beneficial mutations are preserved and harmful ones weeded out. It requires the reader to make some “strange inversions of reasoning”—bold changes of perspective on the nature of design, purpose and consciousness—to loosen the pull of “Cartesian gravity”, or the human propensity to think of the mind as mysterious and non-physical. 

One of Mr Dennett’s key slogans is “competence without comprehension”. Just as computers can perform complex calculations without understanding arithmetic, so creatures can display finely tuned behaviour without understanding why they do so. The rationale for their behaviour (diverting a predator, say, or tempting a mate) is “free-floating”—implicit in the creatures’ design but not represented in their minds. Competence without comprehension is the default in nature, Mr Dennett argues, even among higher animals. 

How then did human intelligence arise? People do not have a special faculty of comprehension. Rather, the human mind has been enhanced by a process of cultural evolution operating on memes. Memes are copyable behaviour—words are a good example. 

Initially, memes spread in human populations like viruses, selected simply for their infectiousness. Some were useful, however, and the human brain adapted to foster them: genetic and memetic evolution working together. Words and other memes gave humans powerful new competences—for communication, explicit representation, reflection, self-interrogation and self-monitoring. To use a computer analogy, memetic evolution provided “thinking tools”—a bit like smartphone apps—which transformed humans into comprehending, intelligent designers, triggering an explosion of civilisation and technology. 

Mr Dennett sees human consciousness, too, as a product of both genetics and memetics. The need to communicate or withhold thoughts gives rise to an “edited digest” of cognitive processes, which serves as the brain’s own “user interface”. The mental items that populate consciousness are more like fiction than accurate representations of internal reality. 

“From Bacteria to Bach and Back” concludes with a look ahead. Mr Dennett expects that computers will continue to increase in competence but doubts that they will soon develop genuine comprehension, since they lack the autonomy and social practices that have nurtured comprehension in humans. He worries that people may overestimate the intelligence of their artefacts and become  over-reliant on them, and that the institutions and practices on which human comprehension depends may erode as a result. 

This only hints at the richness of this book. Mr Dennett provides illuminating explanations of the ideas he employs and cites fascinating experimental work. Many of his claims are controversial, and some readers will be more persuaded than others. However, Mr Dennett has an excellent record of predicting developments in cognitive science, and it would be rash to bet that he is far off track. Persuaded or not, readers will find their minds enriched with many powerful thinking tools. 

(Source: https://www.economist.com/books-and-arts/2017/03/09/how-humans-became-intelligent) 

13/23

In the first paragraph, the word “fugue” relates to:




14/23

In the second paragraph, the words “weeded out” relate to the idea of:




Voltar Continuar

How humans became intelligent 

Consciousness explained 

 

HUMAN neurons are distant relatives of tiny yeast cells, themselves descendants of even simpler microbes. Yet they are organised in structures that are capable of astonishing feats of creativity. How did the world get from bacteria to Bach, from fungus to fugues? Daniel Dennett, an American philosopher and cognitive scientist, tells the tale in his new book, revisiting and extending half a century of work on the topic. 

The story is one of Darwinian natural selection: of complexity emerging gradually as beneficial mutations are preserved and harmful ones weeded out. It requires the reader to make some “strange inversions of reasoning”—bold changes of perspective on the nature of design, purpose and consciousness—to loosen the pull of “Cartesian gravity”, or the human propensity to think of the mind as mysterious and non-physical. 

One of Mr Dennett’s key slogans is “competence without comprehension”. Just as computers can perform complex calculations without understanding arithmetic, so creatures can display finely tuned behaviour without understanding why they do so. The rationale for their behaviour (diverting a predator, say, or tempting a mate) is “free-floating”—implicit in the creatures’ design but not represented in their minds. Competence without comprehension is the default in nature, Mr Dennett argues, even among higher animals. 

How then did human intelligence arise? People do not have a special faculty of comprehension. Rather, the human mind has been enhanced by a process of cultural evolution operating on memes. Memes are copyable behaviour—words are a good example. 

Initially, memes spread in human populations like viruses, selected simply for their infectiousness. Some were useful, however, and the human brain adapted to foster them: genetic and memetic evolution working together. Words and other memes gave humans powerful new competences—for communication, explicit representation, reflection, self-interrogation and self-monitoring. To use a computer analogy, memetic evolution provided “thinking tools”—a bit like smartphone apps—which transformed humans into comprehending, intelligent designers, triggering an explosion of civilisation and technology. 

Mr Dennett sees human consciousness, too, as a product of both genetics and memetics. The need to communicate or withhold thoughts gives rise to an “edited digest” of cognitive processes, which serves as the brain’s own “user interface”. The mental items that populate consciousness are more like fiction than accurate representations of internal reality. 

“From Bacteria to Bach and Back” concludes with a look ahead. Mr Dennett expects that computers will continue to increase in competence but doubts that they will soon develop genuine comprehension, since they lack the autonomy and social practices that have nurtured comprehension in humans. He worries that people may overestimate the intelligence of their artefacts and become  over-reliant on them, and that the institutions and practices on which human comprehension depends may erode as a result. 

This only hints at the richness of this book. Mr Dennett provides illuminating explanations of the ideas he employs and cites fascinating experimental work. Many of his claims are controversial, and some readers will be more persuaded than others. However, Mr Dennett has an excellent record of predicting developments in cognitive science, and it would be rash to bet that he is far off track. Persuaded or not, readers will find their minds enriched with many powerful thinking tools. 

(Source: https://www.economist.com/books-and-arts/2017/03/09/how-humans-became-intelligent) 

15/23

In the third paragraph, the expression “higher animals” refers to:




16/23

In the fourth paragraph, the word “memes” relates to a humorous post, (like an image, a video, a text) that is shared many times on the internet.



Voltar Continuar

How humans became intelligent 

Consciousness explained 

 

HUMAN neurons are distant relatives of tiny yeast cells, themselves descendants of even simpler microbes. Yet they are organised in structures that are capable of astonishing feats of creativity. How did the world get from bacteria to Bach, from fungus to fugues? Daniel Dennett, an American philosopher and cognitive scientist, tells the tale in his new book, revisiting and extending half a century of work on the topic. 

The story is one of Darwinian natural selection: of complexity emerging gradually as beneficial mutations are preserved and harmful ones weeded out. It requires the reader to make some “strange inversions of reasoning”—bold changes of perspective on the nature of design, purpose and consciousness—to loosen the pull of “Cartesian gravity”, or the human propensity to think of the mind as mysterious and non-physical. 

One of Mr Dennett’s key slogans is “competence without comprehension”. Just as computers can perform complex calculations without understanding arithmetic, so creatures can display finely tuned behaviour without understanding why they do so. The rationale for their behaviour (diverting a predator, say, or tempting a mate) is “free-floating”—implicit in the creatures’ design but not represented in their minds. Competence without comprehension is the default in nature, Mr Dennett argues, even among higher animals. 

How then did human intelligence arise? People do not have a special faculty of comprehension. Rather, the human mind has been enhanced by a process of cultural evolution operating on memes. Memes are copyable behaviour—words are a good example. 

Initially, memes spread in human populations like viruses, selected simply for their infectiousness. Some were useful, however, and the human brain adapted to foster them: genetic and memetic evolution working together. Words and other memes gave humans powerful new competences—for communication, explicit representation, reflection, self-interrogation and self-monitoring. To use a computer analogy, memetic evolution provided “thinking tools”—a bit like smartphone apps—which transformed humans into comprehending, intelligent designers, triggering an explosion of civilisation and technology. 

Mr Dennett sees human consciousness, too, as a product of both genetics and memetics. The need to communicate or withhold thoughts gives rise to an “edited digest” of cognitive processes, which serves as the brain’s own “user interface”. The mental items that populate consciousness are more like fiction than accurate representations of internal reality. 

“From Bacteria to Bach and Back” concludes with a look ahead. Mr Dennett expects that computers will continue to increase in competence but doubts that they will soon develop genuine comprehension, since they lack the autonomy and social practices that have nurtured comprehension in humans. He worries that people may overestimate the intelligence of their artefacts and become  over-reliant on them, and that the institutions and practices on which human comprehension depends may erode as a result. 

This only hints at the richness of this book. Mr Dennett provides illuminating explanations of the ideas he employs and cites fascinating experimental work. Many of his claims are controversial, and some readers will be more persuaded than others. However, Mr Dennett has an excellent record of predicting developments in cognitive science, and it would be rash to bet that he is far off track. Persuaded or not, readers will find their minds enriched with many powerful thinking tools. 

(Source: https://www.economist.com/books-and-arts/2017/03/09/how-humans-became-intelligent) 

17/23

According to Mr Dennett, Artificial Intelligence will continue to increase, and there will be a moment in the future when computers will develop genuine comprehension.



18/23

Mr Dennett believes that, nowadays, people rely too much on their devices. It may cause humans to lose their ability of gradually increasing their comprehension.



19/23

According to the text, one can say that readers are not expected to be convinced by Mr Dennett’s book, mostly because of the author’s far-fetched assumptions.



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Watch the video and answer the questions:

Life science in prison - Nalini Nadkarni (TED Talks)

20/23

Nalini Nadkarni is a tree researcher and the main focus of her talk is to explain how trees are not ecstatic.



21/23

Nalini Nadkarni presents a plethora of data that show the positive aspects of the American Prison System and how it has been improving over the years.



22/23

In 2007, she used her experiences with trees and artists and joined forces with the Washington State Department of Prisons. Together, they brought projects related to science and sustainability to convicted felons, offering them alternatives to watching TV and weight lifting in their free time.



23/23

Some of their projects included offering prisoners a chance to work with endangered species of animals and plants.



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